怎样写一个基本的Eunit? Doc.
1. 加入头文件:声明此模块以”_test”结尾的函数都是测试用,并在编译时自动在这个模块里加入test()函数(当然这个可以用宏来控制)
-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
2.编写测试用例:”*_test()”函数":
reverse_nil_test() -> [] = lists:reverse([]).reverse_one_test()
-> [1] = lists:reverse([1]).reverse_two_test()
-> [2,1] = lists:reverse([1,2]).%%也可以用宏:这个有好几种,很方便,要用就看文档,比不用宏的优势在于出错信息详细length_test() -> ?assert(length([1,2,3]) =:= 3).
3. 运行 Eunit
编译Module –> 然后:
Module:test().%%或eunit:test(Module).
以上是一个最简单的Eunit的例子,那么:
Question: 类似gen_server有启动进程类的Eunit怎么写?有并发的怎么写?
基本Code形式:
-ifdef(TEST).-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").-compile({no_auto_import, [get/1, put/2]}).basic_test_()
->{setup,
fun() ->?debugFmt("Starting ~p", [?MODULE]),
case start_link() of
{error, {already_started, _}} ->
ok;
{ok, _} ->
do_stop
end
end,
fun(Stop) ->
case Stop of
do_stop -> stop();
ok -> ok
end
end,
[
{timeout, 60, fun normal_insert/0},
{timeout, 60, fun ttl_insert/0}
]
}.
noraml_insert() ->
todo.
ttl_insert() ->
todo.
-endif.
%%To make the descriptions simpler, we first list some definitions:Setup () -> (R::any())
SetupX (X::any()) -> (R::any())
Cleanup (R::any()) -> any()
CleanupX (X::any(), R::any()) -> any()
Instantiator ((R::any()) -> Tests) | {with, [AbstractTestFun::((any()) -> any())]}
Where local | spawn | {spawn, Node::atom()}
Table .1: (these are explained in more detail further below.)
%%The following representations specify fixture handling for test sets:
{setup, Setup, Tests | Instantiator}
{setup, Setup, Cleanup, Tests | Instantiator}
{setup, Where, Setup, Tests | Instantiator}
{setup, Where, Setup, Cleanup, Tests | Instantiator}
Setup () -> (R::any())SetupX (X::any())
-> (R::any())Cleanup (R::any())
-> any()CleanupX (X::any(), R::any())
-> any()Instantiator ((R::any())
-> Tests) | {with, [AbstractTestFun::((any()) -> any())]}Where local
| spawn | {spawn, Node::atom()}
我们上面就是用的: {setup,Setup,Cleanup,TestList}这种,所以用Setup启动,运行TestList后用启动Setup的返回值传入Cleanup(Val)结束!注意这个test一定是xxx_test_()的形式,注意最后的_
可以看出_test_()的范围比_test()的大,但是限定为fun() –> end.
Tip: 如果你想用新起进程来测试一个模块【gen_server是不需要这样子的,本来就是新起了个进程】可以参照Where参数。
通过以上,我们就可以写出很漂亮的gen_server的enuit函数啦!!
那么如何让多个enuit并行跑呢?比如不相关的几个gen_server并行跑起来!
用参数:inparallel
base_test_() ->{setup, spawn,
fun() -> start() end,fun(_) -> stop() end,{inparallel, 3,[
{timeout,
60, funnormal_insert/0},{timeout,
60, ttl_insert/0}]}
}.
惊喜:可以指定同时跑几个哦,上面指定了3个,不指定也可以的.
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一个好的application一定要有可靠的测试用例!,但是如果你在程序里面大量用有副作用的进程字典,还是很难写enuit的…